Article

Name: A word in the text of a lyrical poem

Authors: Igor Yu. Razmashkin

St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

In the section Study of literature

Abstract:

The paper discusses how the system or dictionary meanings of words can be transformed in a poetic text based on the analysis of the creativity of Anna Akhmatova. According to Yury Tynyanov, the transformation and enrichment of meaning rely on the composition and syntax of “verse rows” and their principle of unity and coherence. This study introduces the concept of repeated degrees of interaction and transformation of lexical units in various poetic contexts. The author puts forward the idea of studying the context of auto-reminiscences as a tool to understand the profound meaning of works. Additionally, the challenges of understanding the author’s ideas and interpreting literary texts are actualized by examining the “Pre-Spring Elegy” from “Midnight Poems.” It is suggested that the reader can engage in creative conjectures (their co-creation) when interpreting the text, but the interpretation must always align with the author’s original intent. A meticulous examination of linguistic methods employed to convey the “author’s persona” and inclusive consideration of broad contexts geared towards the discerning reader can allow one to extract the utmost conceptual information and comprehensively interpret the text of a lyrical poem. The study aims to comprehend the profound depths of meaning within a poetic text by employing the structural analysis methodology. Finally, the author develops the paradigm of poetic language research from the beginning of the twentieth century.

Keywords: poetic language, word, transformation of meanings, compositional-syntactic organization, verses text, lyrical poem, cycle, Akhmatova

Bibliography:

Brik O. M. Ritm i sintaksis (materialy k izucheniyu stikhotvornoy rechi) [Rhythm and syntax (materials for the study of poetic speech)]. In: Slavyanskiy stikh. IX [Slavic verse. IX]. Moscow, Rukopisnye pamyatniki drevney Rusi, 2012, pp. 501–550.

Etkind E. G. Materiya stikha [The materia of verse]. Paris, 1985, 506 p.

Eykhenbaum B. M. Anna Akhmatova. Opyt analiza [Anna Akhmatova. The experience of analysis]. In: B. M. Eykhenbaum. O poezii [About poetry]. Leningrad, Sov. pisatel’, 1969, pp. 75–147.

Farino E. (Jerzy Faryno). “Tayny remesla” Akhmatovoy [“Secrets of the craft” by Akhmatova]. In: Wiener Slawistischer Almanach, 6. Vienna, 1980, pp. 17–82.

Gasparov M. L., Skulacheva T. V. Stat’i o lingvistike stikha [Articles on the linguistics of verse]. Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2004, 283 p.

Ginzburg L. Ya. O lirike [About lyrics]. 2nd ed. Leningrad, Sov. pisatel’, 1974, 407 p.

Il’enko S. G. Lingvisticheskie aspekty pushkinovedeniya: Izbrannye stat’i [Linguistic aspects of Pushkin studies: Selected articles]. St. Petersburg, RSPU im. A. I. Gertsena, 2008, 227 p.

Kovtunova I. I. Poeticheskiy sintaksis [Poetic syntax]. Moscow, Nauka, 1986, 205 p.

Lotman Yu. M. Analiz poeticheskogo teksta. Struktura stikha [Analysis of the poetic text. The structure of the verse]. Leningrad, Prosveshchenie, 1972, 271 p.

Ocherki istorii yazyka russkoy poezii 20 veka: Grammaticheskie kategorii. Sintaksis teksta [Essays on the history of the language of Russian poetry of the 20th century: Grammatical categories. Syntax of the text]. M. L. Gasparov, J. A. Dozorets, I. I. Kovtunova, et al. Moscow, Nauka, 1993, 238 p.

Popova N. I., Rubinchik O. E. Anna Akhmatova i Fontannyy Dom [Anna Akhmatova and the Fountain House]. St. Petersburg, Nevskiy Dialekt, 2000, 160 p.

Razmashkin I. Yu. Avtoreministsentnyy kontekst “Polnochnykh stikhov” A. A. Akhmatovoy [The auto-reminiscences context of “Midnight poems” by A. A. Akhmatova]. In: Slovo. Slovar’. Slovesnost’: materialy nauch. konf., posvyashch. 80-letiyu prof. S. G. Il’enko [Word. Dictionary. Literature: materials of the scientific conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Prof. S. G. Ilyenko]. St. Petersburg, Saga, 2004, pp. 190–195.

Razmashkin I. Yu. “I poslednee” v tvorchestve Anny Akhmatovoy [“And the last” in creativity of Anna Akhmatova]. In: Gumanitarnye nauki i vyzovy nashego vremeni: sb. nauch. st. po itogam IV Vseross. (nats.) nauch. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem [Humanities and challenges of our time: a collection of scientific articles on the results of the IV All-Russian (national) sci. conf. with intern. participation]. St. Petersburg, SPbSEU, 2022, pp. 51–54.

Russkie poety 20 veka: materialy i issledovaniya. Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966) [Russian poets of the 20th century: materials and research. Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966)]. Moscow, Azbukovnik, 2021, 472 p.

Shcherba L. V. Opyty lingvisticheskogo tolkovaniya stikhotvoreniy [Experiments of linguistic interpretation of poems]. In: L. V. Shcherba. Izbrannye raboty po russkomu yazyku [Selected works on the Russian language]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz, 1957, pp. 26–44; 97–109.

Slovar’ yazyka russkoy poezii 20 veka [Dictionary of the language of Russian poetry of the 20th century]. V. P. Grigoriev, L. L. Shestakova (Comps.) Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2001–2022, vols. 1–9.

Stepanova V. V. Slovo v tekste. Iz lektsiy po funktsional’noy leksikologii [Word in the text. From lectures on functional lexicology]. St. Petersburg, Nauka, 2006, 272 p.

Stikh, yazyk, poeziya. Pamyati Mikhaila Leonovicha Gasparova. Sb. st. [Verse, language, poetry. In memory of Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov. Coll. of art.]. Moscow, RSUH, 2006, 686 p.

Taranovskiy K. F. O poezii i poetike [On poetry and poetics]. Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2000, 432 p.

Timenchik R. D. Posledniy poet. Anna Akhmatova v 1960-e gody [The last poet. Anna Akhmatova in the 1960s]. 2nd ed. Moscow, Mosty kul’tury, Ierusalim, Gesharim, 2014, vol. 1, 592 p.; vol. 2, 621 p.

Tomashevskiy B. V. Stikh i yazyk: Filologicheskie ocherki [Verse and language: Philological essays]. Moscow, Leningrad, Goslitizdat, 1959, 471 p.

Trudy Instituta russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova. Slavyanskiy stikh [Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Institute of the Russian Language. Slavonic verse]. A. M. Moldovan, T. V. Skulacheva (Eds.). Moscow, 2017, iss. 11, 352 p.; iss. 14, 368 p.

Tynyanov Yu. N. Problema stikhotvornogo yazyka: Stat’i [The problem of poetic language: Articles]. Moscow, Sov. pisatel’, 1965, 301 p.

Vinogradov V. V. O poezii Anny Akhmatovoy (Stilisticheskie nabroski) [About the poetry of Anna Akhmatova (Stylistic sketches)]. In: V. V. Vinogradov. Poetika russkoy literatury: Izbrannye Trudy [Poetics of Russian literature: Selected works]. Moscow, Nauka, 1976, pp. 369–459.

Yakobson R. O. Izbrannye raboty [Selected works]. Moscow, Progress, 1985, 455 p.

Zhirmunskiy V. M. Kompozitsiya liricheskikh stikhotvoreniy [Composition of lyrical poems]. Petrograd, OPOYaZ, 1921, 107 p. (Sborniki po teorii poeticheskikh yazykov. Vyp. 4 [Collections on the theory of poetic languages. Iss. 4.])

Zhirmunskiy V. M. K voprosu o sintaksise A. Akhmatovoy [On the question of A. Akhmatova’s syntax]. In: Anna Akhmatova: Pro et contra. St. Petersburg, RCHA, 2001, pp. 716 – 719.

Zolyan S. T. Semanticheskaya struktura slova v poeticheskoy rechi [Semantic structure of a word in poetic speech]. Izvestiya AN SSSR, Seriya literatury i yazyka. 1981, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 509–520.

Zolyan S. T. Semantika i struktura poeticheskogo teksta [Semantics and structure of poetic text]. 2nd ed. Moscow, URSS, Librokom, 2013, 331 p.