Article

Name: How, where and when authentic traditions of Jaw Harp music of Siberia and the Far East have been forming. Part 2: Structural, psycho-acoustic, and historical-geographical features of the formation of the vocal system of traditional Jaw Harp music

Authors: A. V. Nikolsky, E. Ye. Alekseyev, I. Ye. Alekxeyev, V. Ye. Dyakonova

In the section Этномузыковедение

Abstract: This article identifies the principal factors in the evolution of the tonal organization of traditional Jaw Harp music within the context of the chronology of its geographic distribution. The specificity of the vocal system of the Jaw Harp performance technique is analyzed in comparison with the vocal systems of verbal speech and singing. Based on the theories of residue pitch and harmonic templates, the article proposes a model of phonological classification of Jaw Harp articulations. These articulations are explained from the point of view of the interaction of mechanical properties of the material of Jaw Harp construction on the one hand, and the acoustic properties of the Jaw Harp sound on the other hand. Their interdependence is used to infer the general typology of spectral textures and to hypothesize the most likely scenario of their evolution in light of what we know about the history of technologies of manufacturing various materials across the world. The second part of the article is dedicated to matters of the interaction of vocal systems of verbal speech, singing, and Jaw Harp playing. The configuration of the most intense harmonics in harmonic profiles of the principal Jaw Harp vowel articulations is shown to determine the differentiation between various Jaw Harp articulations. The overview of the available archaeological evidence in conjunction with the geographic distribution of the indigenous traditions of Jaw Harp musicking throughout the area of north-eastern Eurasia draws a perspective on the most likely location of the genesis of Jaw Harp musicking. The concluding third part of this article will focus on the evolution of the authentic Jaw Harp traditional music within the geographic area of Siberia and the Russian Far East.

Keywords: divergence of musical cultures, spectral texture, polyphony, homophony, harmonic patterns, harmonic residue, archeology of the Jaw Harp, global geography of the Jaw Harp distribution, typology of Jaw Harp structures, history of metallurgy, personal song

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