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Institute of Philology of
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Sibirskii Filologicheskii Zhurnal (Siberian Journal of Philology) | |
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Article
Authors: Steksova T. I. Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation In the section Linguistics
Abstract: The paper describes two semi-formed fragments of language system – esli chto (if what) and chto esli (what if) – that can be analytically divided into components but function as ready-to-use units (phrasemes). Their conventionality results from the dialogic nature of the speech situation and regular reproducibility. These proved to acquire new meanings following grammarization and idiomatization. Esli chto has been found to have the following meanings: 1) conditional (dictum information): the pronoun chto replaces the part of a sentence referring to the condition upon which the thing stated in the sentence has to be or may be done; 2) in asymmetric complex sentences, esli chto is transformed from an informationally reduced substitute for dictum information into an informationally reduced substitute for a condition with a non-verbalized modus predicate of an explanatory construction = uchti (take into account); 3) a complete loss of dictum content and the acquisition of only modus meaning = uchti / imey v vidu (take into account/bear in mind); 4) semantic devastation. What if has been observed to have the following meanings: 1) a dictum meaning, with a reduction in dictum content with a verbally expressed question; 2) the synonym for a modus introductory phrase mozhet byt’ (maybe); 3) the synonym for adverb vdrug (suddenly). Observing the functioning of the constructions in question has revealed their evolution coinciding with general grammaticalization and idiomatization processes, affecting entire syntactic structures, with idiomatization transferring the sentences from polypredicative and polypropositive to monopredicative and monopropositive ones and the semantic conjunction esli losing the semantic and grammatical properties of the subordinate conjunction. Keywords: Russian language, syntactic phrases, semantics, conditions of functioning, grammaticaliza- tion, idiomatization Bibliography: Artyushkov I. V. Prervannyye predlozheniya v sovremennom russkom yazyke [Interrupted sentences in modern Russian]. Cand. philol. sci. diss. Moscow State Pedagogical Institute named after V. I. Lenin. Moscow, 1981, 228 p. Efremova T. F. Novyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka. Tolkovo-slovoobrazovatel’nyy [New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and lexicological]. Moscow, Rus. yaz., 2000. Gavrilenko V. V. Predlozhny`e novoobrazovaniya sravnitel`noj semantiki, postroenny`e po modeli “v + N6”: usloviya grammatikalizacii [Prepositional neoplasms of comparative semantics, built according to the model “in + N6”: conditions of grammaticalization]. Cand. philol. sci. diss. Vladivostok, 2020, 159 p. Harweg R. Redutsirovannaya rech’ [Reduced speech]. In: Novoe v zarubezhnoy lingvistike [New in foreign linguistics]. Moscow, Progress, 1978, iss. 8, pp. 383–401. Il’enko S. G. Rusistika: Izbrannye trudy [Russian studies: Collected works]. St. Petersburg, RSPU Publ., 2003 674 p. Kolesov V. V. Istoricheskaya grammatika: Ucheb. posobie dlya stud. vyssh. ucheb. zavedeniy [Historical grammar]. St. Petersburg, Faculty of Philology and Arts, SPbSU; Moscow, Akademiya, 2009, 512 p. Kolosova T. A. Russkiye slozhnyye predlozheniya asimmetrichnoy struktury [Russian complex sentences of asymmetric structure]. Novosibirsk, NSU Publ. House, 2008, 212 p. Kopotev M. V., Steksova T. I. Isklyuchenie kak pravilo: perekhodnye edinitsy v grammatike i slovare [Exception as a rule: Transitional units in grammar and vocabulary]. Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2016, 168 p. Kustova G. I. Pragmaticheskie faktory v redutsirovannykh konstruktsiyakh: kvazirelyativy tipa chto khochesh’ [Pragmatic factors in reduced structures: quasi-relativs like what you want]. The Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University Вulletin. 2015, no. 5 (27), pp. 122–133. Levontina I. B. Pokhozhe li pokhodu na pokhozhe? [Does “pokhodu” look alike “pokhozhe”?]. Russkaya Rech’ (Russian Speech). 2020, no. 6, pp. 28–39. Pilyugina N. Yu. Frazeologizirovannye sochetaniya v sluzhebnoy funktsii: sintaksis i semantika [Phraseologized combinations in the service function: syntax and semantics]. Cand. philol. sci. diss. Vladivostok, 2019, 205 p. Skovorodnikov A. P. Ob usechennykh predlozheniyakh [About truncated sentences]. Russkiy yazyk v natsional’noy shkole. 1972, no. 5, pp. 87–90. Solov’eva E. N. Usechennye konstruktsii v sovremennom russkom literaturnom yazyke [Truncated constructions in modern Russian literary language]. Cand. philol. sci. diss. Rostov on Don, 1999, 166 p. Tipologiya uslovnykh konstruktsiy [Typology of conditional constructions]. A. Salim, T. G. Akimova, N. Y. Bulatova et al (Comps). V. S. Khrakovskiy (Ed.). St. Petersburg, Nauka, 1998, 582 p. Trishin V. N. Slovar’ sinonimov [Dictionary of synonyms]. ASIS. 2013. URL: https://dic.academic.ru/dic. nsf/dic_synonims/196982/%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE |
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