Article

Name: Ways of visualization in the stories about the human heart in the Russian collection “The Great Mirror” (“Velikoe Zertsalo”)

Authors: S. K. Sevastyanova

Rubtsovsk Industrial Institute (Branch) of the Altai State Technical University, Rubtsovsk, Russian Federation; Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

In the section Study of literature

Abstract: The problem of the visual and the poetics of visibility are increasingly attracting researchers. Observing the phenomenon of verbal visibility and methods of speech practice that stimulate visual reception can improve the visibility of verbal “plastic” elements in ancient texts, encouraging the reader to see living paintings and images in his imagination. The paper character-izes the elements of verbal objectivity that excite the reader’s imagination and visual thinking. Three stories were selected: on the heart muscle of the Martyr with the Golden logo of the name of Christ and the myocardium of the sinner, tormented by a snake and toads. It is the first time when they are introduced into scientific circulation. The story of the warrior-Martyr is published in two versions: the manuscripts of Synodal collection No. 101 and from the collection of M. N. Tikhomirov. The second list contains the unknown translation text that differs lexically and stylistically from the text of the first official translation. The understanding of the heart as a vital organ and the focus of the spiritual essence of man is realized in the collection with the help of “external effects” and methods of presentation that cause visual reflection. These include the fixation of manipulations with the heart muscle, use of vocabulary reflecting the “visual experience,” focus on the emotions of the actors, introduction of direct speech, zoomorphic images personifying the mortal sin in the culture of the Middle Ages. The conclusion is made that “The Great Mirror” stories reflect the stable medieval culture ideas about the significance of the heart.

Keywords: “The Great Mirror”, theme of the heart, sacred marks, artistic means of visual reception, zoomorphic symbols of sin

Bibliography:

Bessonov I. A. Obraz chudovishchnykh ptits v eskhatologicheskikh rasskazakh [The image of monstrous birds in eschatological stories]. Zhivaya starina. 2012, no. 1, pp. 4–7.

Budur N. V. Povsednevnaya zhizn’ inkvizitsii v Srednie veka [The everyday life of the Inquisition in the Middle Ages]. Moscow, Molodaya gvardiya, 2011. 374 p.

Demidova L. D. “Khristianoopasnyy shchit very...” inoka Avraamiya i ideologiya rannego staroobryadchestva [The monk Abraham’s “The Christian shield of faith...” and the ideology of the early Old Believers]. Abstract of Cand. hist. sci. diss. Novosibirsk, 2013, 30 p.

Derzhavina O. A. “Velikoe Zertsalo” i ego sud’ba na russkoy pochve [“The Great Mirror” and its fate on Russian soil]. Moscow, Nauka, 1965, 438 p.

Frezer D. D. Zolotaya vetv’ [Golden branch]. Moscow, Politizdat, 1980, 704 p.

Komashko N., Saenkova E. Russkaya zhitiynaya ikona [Russian hagiographic icon]. Moscow, 2007, 352 p.

Lomakina I. Golova Dzha-lamy [Ja Lama’s head]. Ulan-Ude, 1993, 256 p.

Makhov A. E. HOSTIS ANTIQUUS: Kategorii i obrazy srednevekovoy khristianskoy demonologii. Opyt slovarya [HOSTIS ANTIQUUS: Categories and images of medieval Christian demonology. Experience of the dictionary]. Moscow, Intrada, 2006, 416 p.

Makariy Egipetskiy, prp. Dukhovnye besedy [Spiritual conversations]. Svyato-Troitskaya Sergieva Lavra, 1994, 516 p.

Medved’ A. N. Antropologiya bolezni v Drevney Rusi (10–17 vv.). Ocherki istorii [Anthropology of the disease in Ancient Russia (the 10–17th centuries). History Essays]. Moscow, MBA Publ., 2014, 232 p.

Meletinskiy E. M. Geroicheskiy epos [Heroic epic]. In: Slovar’ srednevekovoy kul’tury [Medieval culture dictionary]. Moscow, ROSSPEN, 2003, pp. 107–112.

Novichkova T. A. Russkiy demonologicheskiy slovar' [Russian demonological dictionary]. St. Petersburg, Peterburgskiy pisatel’, 1995, 640 p.

Ogurtsov A. Yu. Pod vysokuyu gosudarevu ruku [Under the high sovereign’s hand]. Kuznetskaya krepost’: Lit.-khud. Al’manakh Upravleniya kul’tury administratsii g. Novokuznetska. Novokuznetsk, 2005, no. 1 (9).

Pimenova M. V. Metodika analiza i teoreticheskie ustanovki Kemerovskoy shkoly kontseptual’nykh issledovaniy [Methodology of analysis and theoretical principles of the Kemerovo conceptual research school]. Naukoviy visnik Khersons’kogo derzhavnogo universitetu. Seriya “Lingvistika”. 2013, iss. 18, pp. 50–59.

Romodanovskaya E. K. Velikoe Zertsalo [The Great Mirror]. In: Pravoslavnaya entsiklopediya [Orthodox Encyclopedia]. Moscow, 2004, vol. 7, pp. 507–510.

Simeon Novyy Bogoslov, prp. Tvoreniya: V 3 t. [Creations: in 3 vols]. Svyato-Troitskaya Sergieva Lavra, 1993, vol. 2, 599 p.

Smirnov Yu. I. Serdtse i pechen’ vraga [Enemy heart and liver]. Siberian Journal of Philolo- gy. 2004, no. 2, pp. 4–25.

Shustova Yu. E. Simvolika serdtsa v emblematicheskom serdtse l’vovskogo Apostola 1666 goda [Symbolism of the heart in the emblematic heart of the Lviv Apostle of 1666]. Bulletin of RSUH. Series: History. Philology. Culturology. Oriental Studies. 2015, no. 9 (152), pp. 123–131.

Studia Russica. Budapešt’, 2004, t. 21: Literatura i vizual’nost’ [Vol. 21: Literature and visibility]. Redigunt A. Han et Zs. Hetenyi, 436 p.

Verbitskaya A. Velikie tayny i zagadki Srednevekov’ya [Great secrets and mysteries of the Middle Ages]. Moscow, Izd. Knizhnyy Klub semeynogo dosuga, 2012, 416 p.

Vladimirov P. V. “Velikoe Zertsalo” (Iz istorii russkoy perevodnoy literatury 17 v.) [“The Great Mirror” (From the history of Russian translated literature of the 17th century)]. Moscow, 5 Univer. tip., 1884, 14+105+79 p.

Voskoboynikov O. S. Tysyacheletnee tsarstvo (300–1300). Ocherk khristianskoy kul’tury Zapada [Millennial kingdom (300–1300). An essay on the Christian culture of the West]. Mos- cow, New Literary Observer, 2015, 568 p.

Yatsyk S. A. Predstavleniya o svyatosti v ofitsial’noy katolicheskoy mysli vtoroy poloviny 13 veka [Representations of holiness in official catholic thought of the second half of the 13th century]. Abstract of Cand. hist. sci. diss. Moscow, IWH RAS, 2017, 30 p.

Zhuravel’ O. D. K voprosu o vliyanii “Velikogo Zertsala” na russkuyu literaturu perekhod- nogo perioda [To the question of “The Great Mirror” influence on Russian literature of the transition period]. Izvestia of SB RAS USSR. History, philology and philosophy. 1991, vol. 3, pp. 49–56.