Article

Name: Turkic-Mongolian parallels among terms of consanguinity and connection in Mongolian languages

Authors: V. I. Rassadin, S. M. Trofimova

Kalmyk State University, Elista, Russian Federation

In the section Linguistics

Abstract: This paper deals with obvious Turkic correspondences in terms of consanguinity and kinship by marriage in the Mongolian languages – Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat, Kalmyk and ancient written Mongolian and also in some of their dialects. The presence of Turkic lexical parallels in these Mongolian languages is due to Turkic and Mongolian ethnic groups having been contacting and interacting in the Central Asia for many millennia. Their parent languages refer to the number of so-called Altaic languages to which scientists also rank Tungus-Manchu and Korean languages, with the question of attributing to them the Japanese language still being debated. This hypothesis of relationships of the Altaic languages has been discussed in the world of science for more than three hundred years, but it has not been solved yet. There are different opinions about the development of the Altaic family of languages also there are controversial points of view on the nature of the Altai linguistic community. One group of scientists unquestioningly considers all correspondences between the Altaic languages in grammar and vocabulary to be a heritage of the common Altaic parent language. The other group of scientists without denying the relationship of the Altaic languages are trying to explain the presence of such a large amount of General grammar, especially lexical parallels, in particular between the Turkic and Mongolian languages, through the ancient contacts as far back as at the level of the Turkic and Mongolian parent languages. Of great importance here is the identification of lexical borrowings, the Genesis of which is clearly seen and raises no doubt. It is necessary to identify the words obviously of Turkic origin in Mongolian languages as well as the words clearly of the Mongolian origin in the Turkic languages. Their presence indicates the undoubted contacts of ethnic groups. Our task in this particular case is to determine the relationships and features of Mongolian words obviously of Turkic origin in the vocabulary, the genesis of which is confirmed by Turkologists. Here we see, for example, such Mongolian lexemes as names of the father and mother, the grandfather and the great-grandfather, grandsons and granddaughters on the father's side, grandsons and granddaughters on the mother’s side, nephews and nieces on the father’s and mother’s sides, cousins (brothers and sisters), brothers-in-law and matchmakers and a number of other close relatives and relatives by marriage. It shows only close and deep relationships of the Turkic and Mongolian ethnic groups existing from ancient times, including the marriage that was reflected in the Mongolian languages and their vocabulary.

Keywords: mongolian languages khalkha mongolian language, buryat language, kalmyk language, dialects, kinship, kinship by marriage, turkic lexical elements, historical development, phonetic adaptation, bilingualism, hybrid vocabulary

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